Dreams, symbols, signs, and adventure follow the reader like echoes of ancient wise voices in "The Alchemist", a novel that combines an atmosphere of Medieval mysticism with the song of the desert. With this symbolic masterpiece Coelho states that we should not avoid our destinies, and urges people to follow their dreams, because to find our "Personal Myth" and our mission on Earth is the way to find "God", meaning happiness, fulfillment, and the ultimate purpose of creation.
The novel tells the tale of Santiago, a boy who has a dream and the courage to follow it. After listening to "the signs" the boy ventures in his personal, Ulysses-like journey of exploration and self-discovery, symbolically searching for a hidden treasure located near the pyramids in Egypt.
When he decides to go, his father's only advice is "Travel the world until you see that our castle is the greatest, and our women the most beautiful". In his journey, Santiago sees the greatness of the world, and meets all kinds of exciting people like kings and alchemists. However, by the end of the novel, he discovers that "treasure lies where your heart belongs", and that the treasure was the journey itself, the discoveries he made, and the wisdom he acquired.
"The Alchemist", is an exciting novel that bursts with optimism; it is the kind of novel that tells you that everything is possible as long as you really want it to happen. That may sound like an oversimplified version of new-age philosophy and mysticism, but as Coelho states "simple things are the most valuable and only wise people appreciate them".
Kamis, 18 Desember 2008
Have i told you lately
Have I told you lately that I love you
Have I told you there's no one else above you
Fill my heart with gladness
Take away all my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
For the morning sun in all it's glory
Greets the day with hope and comfort too
You fill my life with laughter
And somehow you make it better
Ease my troubles that's what you do
There's a love that's divine
And it's yours and it's mine like the sun
And at the end of the day
We should give thanks and pray
To the one, to the one
Have I told you lately that I love you
Have I told you there's no one else above you
Fill my heart with gladness
Take away all my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
There's a love that's divine
And it's yours and it's mine like the sun
And at the end of the day
We should give thanks and pray
To the one, to the one
And have I told you lately that I love you
Have I told you there's no one else above you
You fill my heart with gladness
Take away my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Take away all my sadness
Fill my life with gladness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Take away all my sadness
Fill my life with gladness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Have I told you there's no one else above you
Fill my heart with gladness
Take away all my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
For the morning sun in all it's glory
Greets the day with hope and comfort too
You fill my life with laughter
And somehow you make it better
Ease my troubles that's what you do
There's a love that's divine
And it's yours and it's mine like the sun
And at the end of the day
We should give thanks and pray
To the one, to the one
Have I told you lately that I love you
Have I told you there's no one else above you
Fill my heart with gladness
Take away all my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
There's a love that's divine
And it's yours and it's mine like the sun
And at the end of the day
We should give thanks and pray
To the one, to the one
And have I told you lately that I love you
Have I told you there's no one else above you
You fill my heart with gladness
Take away my sadness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Take away all my sadness
Fill my life with gladness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Take away all my sadness
Fill my life with gladness
Ease my troubles that's what you do
Yesterday - The Beatles
Yesterday,
All my troubles seemed so far away,
Now it looks as though they're here to stay,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
Suddenly,
I'm not half the man I used to be,
There's a shadow hanging over me,
Oh, yesterday came suddenly.
Why she
Had to go I don't know, she wouldn't say.
I said,
Something wrong, now I long for yesterday.
Yesterday,
Love was such an easy game to play,
Now I need a place to hide away,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
Why she
Had to go I don't know, she wouldn't say.
I said,
Something wrong, now I long for yesterday.
Yesterday,
Love was such an easy game to play,
Now I need a place to hide away,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
All my troubles seemed so far away,
Now it looks as though they're here to stay,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
Suddenly,
I'm not half the man I used to be,
There's a shadow hanging over me,
Oh, yesterday came suddenly.
Why she
Had to go I don't know, she wouldn't say.
I said,
Something wrong, now I long for yesterday.
Yesterday,
Love was such an easy game to play,
Now I need a place to hide away,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
Why she
Had to go I don't know, she wouldn't say.
I said,
Something wrong, now I long for yesterday.
Yesterday,
Love was such an easy game to play,
Now I need a place to hide away,
Oh, I believe in yesterday.
Present perfect tense
FORM :
[has/have + past participle]
Examples:
You have seen that movie many times.
Have you seen that movie many times?
You have not seen that movie many times.
Positive
I have traveled.
You have traveled.
We have traveled.
They have traveled.
He has traveled.
She has traveled.
It has traveled.
Negative
I have not traveled.
You have not traveled.
We have not traveled.
They have not traveled.
He has not traveled.
She has not traveled.
It has not traveled.
Question
Have I traveled?
Have you traveled?
Have we traveled?
Have they traveled?
Has he traveled?
Has she traveled?
Has it traveled?
Who has stolen the money?
Whom has she given the book for?
Where have you gone this morning?
Why have they killed the snake?
What have I done to deserve this?
How has he finished this job?
How to use present perfect tense
USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now
Examples:
I have seen that movie twenty times.
I think I have met him once before.
There have been many earthquakes in California.
People have traveled to the Moon.
People have not traveled to Mars.
Have you read the book yet?
Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.
TOPIC 1 Experience
Examples:
I have been to France.
This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times.
I have been to France three times.
You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
I have never been to France.
This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France.
I think I have seen that movie before.
He has never traveled by train.
Joan has studied two foreign languages.
A: Have you ever met him?
B: No, I have not met him
TOPIC 2 Change Over Time
Examples:
You have grown since the last time I saw you.
The government has become more interested in arts education.
Japanese has become one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies program was established.
My English has really improved since I moved to Australia
TOPIC 3 Accomplishments
Examples:
Man has walked on the Moon.
Our son has learned how to read.
Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.
Scientists have split the atom.
TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting
Examples:
James has not finished his homework yet.
Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.
Bill has still not arrived.
The rain hasn't stopped
TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times
Examples:
The army has attacked that city five times.
I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
We have had many major problems while working on this project.
She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.
Time Expressions with Present Perfect
Examples:
Have you been to Mexico in the last year?
I have seen that movie six times in the last month.
They have had three tests in the last week.
She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has worked for three different companies so far.
My car has broken down three times this week.
USE 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Examples:
I have had a cold for two weeks.
She has been in England for six months.
Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.
[has/have + past participle]
Examples:
You have seen that movie many times.
Have you seen that movie many times?
You have not seen that movie many times.
Positive
I have traveled.
You have traveled.
We have traveled.
They have traveled.
He has traveled.
She has traveled.
It has traveled.
Negative
I have not traveled.
You have not traveled.
We have not traveled.
They have not traveled.
He has not traveled.
She has not traveled.
It has not traveled.
Question
Have I traveled?
Have you traveled?
Have we traveled?
Have they traveled?
Has he traveled?
Has she traveled?
Has it traveled?
Who has stolen the money?
Whom has she given the book for?
Where have you gone this morning?
Why have they killed the snake?
What have I done to deserve this?
How has he finished this job?
How to use present perfect tense
USE 1 Unspecified Time Before Now
Examples:
I have seen that movie twenty times.
I think I have met him once before.
There have been many earthquakes in California.
People have traveled to the Moon.
People have not traveled to Mars.
Have you read the book yet?
Nobody has ever climbed that mountain.
A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?
B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.
TOPIC 1 Experience
Examples:
I have been to France.
This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times.
I have been to France three times.
You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence.
I have never been to France.
This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France.
I think I have seen that movie before.
He has never traveled by train.
Joan has studied two foreign languages.
A: Have you ever met him?
B: No, I have not met him
TOPIC 2 Change Over Time
Examples:
You have grown since the last time I saw you.
The government has become more interested in arts education.
Japanese has become one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies program was established.
My English has really improved since I moved to Australia
TOPIC 3 Accomplishments
Examples:
Man has walked on the Moon.
Our son has learned how to read.
Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.
Scientists have split the atom.
TOPIC 4 An Uncompleted Action You Are Expecting
Examples:
James has not finished his homework yet.
Susan hasn't mastered Japanese, but she can communicate.
Bill has still not arrived.
The rain hasn't stopped
TOPIC 5 Multiple Actions at Different Times
Examples:
The army has attacked that city five times.
I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
We have had many major problems while working on this project.
She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.
Time Expressions with Present Perfect
Examples:
Have you been to Mexico in the last year?
I have seen that movie six times in the last month.
They have had three tests in the last week.
She graduated from university less than three years ago. She has worked for three different companies so far.
My car has broken down three times this week.
USE 2 Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Examples:
I have had a cold for two weeks.
She has been in England for six months.
Mary has loved chocolate since she was a little girl.
Perbedaan simple past tense dengan present perfect tense
1. simple past tense dipakai saat keterangan waktunya sudah selesai, sedangkan present perfect dipakai saat keterangan waktunya belum selesai/masih berlanjut.
Contoh:
I bought 3 books last week. (simple past-last week sudah berlalu)
I have bought 3 books this week. (present perfect-this week belum berlalu, masih berlangsung)
2. simple past dipakai untuk memberitahu kejadian yg sudah lama, sedangkan present perfect untuk memberitahu kejadian yg baru saja terjadi.
Contoh:
He finished his school last month. (simple past-sudah lama lulus)
He has finished his school. (present perfect-baru aja lulus)
3. simple past keterangan waktunya jelas, sedangkan present perfect keterangan waktunya kurang jelas.
Contoh:
I went to the library last night. (simple past-ket.waktu:last night)
I have gone to the library. (present perfect-tidak jelas ket. waktunya)
4. present perfect menggunakan 'for' dan 'since' saat kegiatannya masih berlanjut.
I have lived in London for 3 years. (present perfect-masih berlangsung, sekarang pun masih di London)
I have lived in London since 1990. (sampai sekarang masih tinggal di London)
Contoh:
I bought 3 books last week. (simple past-last week sudah berlalu)
I have bought 3 books this week. (present perfect-this week belum berlalu, masih berlangsung)
2. simple past dipakai untuk memberitahu kejadian yg sudah lama, sedangkan present perfect untuk memberitahu kejadian yg baru saja terjadi.
Contoh:
He finished his school last month. (simple past-sudah lama lulus)
He has finished his school. (present perfect-baru aja lulus)
3. simple past keterangan waktunya jelas, sedangkan present perfect keterangan waktunya kurang jelas.
Contoh:
I went to the library last night. (simple past-ket.waktu:last night)
I have gone to the library. (present perfect-tidak jelas ket. waktunya)
4. present perfect menggunakan 'for' dan 'since' saat kegiatannya masih berlanjut.
I have lived in London for 3 years. (present perfect-masih berlangsung, sekarang pun masih di London)
I have lived in London since 1990. (sampai sekarang masih tinggal di London)
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of frequency answer the question How often?
For example:
Often the wind blows less strongly at night.
In this example, the adverb of frequency often is located at the beginning of the clause.Most adverbs can occupy the beginning position in a clause. The use of this position tends to emphasize the adverb.
An adverb in the end position occurs after an intransitive verb, or after the direct object of a transitive verb.
For example:
He speaks seldom.
I visit her frequently.
In the first example, seldom follows the intransitive verb speaks.
In the second example, frequently follows the direct object her of the transitive verb visit.
Adverbs of frequency :
always : selalu
ever : pernah
frequently : sering
generally : biasanya
never : tidak pernah
often : sering kali
rarely : jarang
seldom : jarang
sometimes : kadang kadang
usually : biasanya
barely : hampir tidak
hardly : hampir tidak ada
For example:
Often the wind blows less strongly at night.
In this example, the adverb of frequency often is located at the beginning of the clause.Most adverbs can occupy the beginning position in a clause. The use of this position tends to emphasize the adverb.
An adverb in the end position occurs after an intransitive verb, or after the direct object of a transitive verb.
For example:
He speaks seldom.
I visit her frequently.
In the first example, seldom follows the intransitive verb speaks.
In the second example, frequently follows the direct object her of the transitive verb visit.
Adverbs of frequency :
always : selalu
ever : pernah
frequently : sering
generally : biasanya
never : tidak pernah
often : sering kali
rarely : jarang
seldom : jarang
sometimes : kadang kadang
usually : biasanya
barely : hampir tidak
hardly : hampir tidak ada
Adverbs of time (2)
Adverbs of time menjelaskan tentang :
1. kapan ( when ) suatu kejadian terjadi
2. untuk berapa lama ( for how long )
3. berapa sering ( how often )
Examples:
When:
today = hari ini
yesterday = kemarin
later = nanti
now = sekarang
last year = tahun lalu
For how long:
all day = sepanjang hari
not long = tidak lama
for a while = sebentar
since last year = sejak tahun lalu
How often:
sometimes = kadang-kadang
frequently = sering kali
never = tidak pernah
often = sering
yearly = setahun sekali
daily = setiap hari
weekly = seminggu sekali
every day = setiap hari
every sunday = setiap minggu
1. kapan ( when ) suatu kejadian terjadi
2. untuk berapa lama ( for how long )
3. berapa sering ( how often )
Examples:
When:
today = hari ini
yesterday = kemarin
later = nanti
now = sekarang
last year = tahun lalu
For how long:
all day = sepanjang hari
not long = tidak lama
for a while = sebentar
since last year = sejak tahun lalu
How often:
sometimes = kadang-kadang
frequently = sering kali
never = tidak pernah
often = sering
yearly = setahun sekali
daily = setiap hari
weekly = seminggu sekali
every day = setiap hari
every sunday = setiap minggu
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